3 types of Polio virus

Q.  How many types of Polio virus are there?
- Published on 02 Aug 16

a. 5
b. 1
c. 2
d. 3

ANSWER: 3
 
  • Polio is caused by a human enterovirus called the poliovirus. Wild polioviruses are those that occur naturally.
  • The poliovirus consists of an RNA genome enclosed in a protein shell called a capsid. There are three serotypes of wild poliovirus – type 1, type 2, and type 3 – each with a slightly different capsid protein.
  • Type 2 poliovirus has been eliminated in the wild – the last wild type 2 poliovirus was detected in India in 1999.
  • In this final stage of polio eradication, only type 1 and type 3 wild poliovirus continue to circulate in endemic areas. Both are highly infectious and both cause paralytic polio. Type 1 is the most pervasive strain of poliovirus and type 3 is at very low levels.

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