How is India’s Parliament organized?

Q.  Which of the following is/are true?

1) Parliament of India consists of the President, Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha.
2) Part 6 in Constitution of India deals with organization of Parliament.
- Published on 02 Mar 17

a. Only 1
b. Only 2
c. Both 1 and 2
d. Neither 1 nor 2

ANSWER: Only 1
 
  • The Parliament is the legislative organ of the Union government.

  • Articles 79 to 122 in Part 5 of the Constitution deal with the organization, composition, duration, officers, procedures, privileges, powers and so on of the Parliament.

    • Organization of Parliament -

  • Under the Constitution, the Parliament of India consists of three parts - the President, the Council of States and the House of the People.

  • In 1954, the Hindi names ‘Rajya Sabha’ and ‘Lok Sabha’ were adopted by the Council of States and the House of People respectively.

  • The Rajya Sabha is the Upper House (Second Chamber or House of Elders) and the Lok Sabha is the Lower House (First Chamber or Popular House).

  • The former represents the states and union territories of the Indian Union, while the latter represents the people of India as a whole.

  • Though the President of India is not a member of either House of Parliament and does not sit in the Parliament to attend its meetings, he is an integral part of the Parliament.

  • This is because a bill passed by the Parliament cannot become law without the President’s assent.

  • He also performs certain functions relating to the proceedings of the Parliament, for example, he summons and prorogues both the Houses, dissolves the Lok Sabha, addresses both the Houses, issues ordinances when they are not in session, and so on.

  • In Britain, the Parliament consists of the Crown (King or Queen), the House of Lords (Upper House) and the House of Commons (Lower House).

  • The American president is not an integral part of the legislature (Congress i.e. Senate plus House of Representatives).

  • The parliamentary form of government stresses on interdependence between the legislative and executive organs.

  • So, we have the ‘President-in-Parliament’ like the Britain’s ‘Crown-in-Parliament’.

  • The presidential form of government stresses on separation of legislative and executive organs.

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