URL - Features,Properties - HTML

Discussion

• Nirja Shah   -Posted on 09 Nov 15
  URL
  - If you've been surfing the Web, you have undoubtedly heard the term URL and have used URLs to access HTML pages from the Web.
  
  - It's often easiest, although not entirely accurate, to think of a URL as the name of a file on the World Wide Web because most URLs refer to a file on some machine on the network.
  
  - However, remember that URLs also can point to other resources on the network, such as database queries and command output.
  
  Definition
  
  URL is an acronym for Uniform Resource Locator and is a reference (an address) to a resource on the Internet.
  
  - A URL has two main components:
  
  1. Protocol identifier: For the URL http://example.com, the protocol identifier is http.
  2. Resource name: For the URL http://example.com, the resource name is example.com.
  
  - Note that the protocol identifier and the resource name are separated by a colon and two forward slashes.
  
  - The protocol identifier indicates the name of the protocol to be used to fetch the resource.
  
  - The example uses the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), which is typically used to serve up hypertext documents.
  
  - HTTP is just one of many different protocols used to access different types of resources on the net.
  
  - Other protocols include File Transfer Protocol (FTP), Gopher, File, and News.
  
  - The resource name is the complete address to the resource.
  
  - The format of the resource name depends entirely on the protocol used, but for many protocols, including HTTP, the resource name contains one or more of the following components:
  
  - Host Name
  The name of the machine on which the resource lives.
  
  - Filename
  The pathname to the file on the machine.
  
  - Port Number
  The port number to which to connect (typically optional).
  
  - Reference
  A reference to a named anchor within a resource that usually identifies a specific location within a file (typically optional).
  
  - For many protocols, the host name and the filename are required, while the port number and reference are optional.
  
  - For example, the resource name for an HTTP URL must specify a server on the network (Host Name) and the path to the document on that machine (Filename); it also can specify a port number and a reference.

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