Waterfall model is best suited if requirements are easily understandable & defined - Software Process

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• Nirja Shah   -Posted on 12 Oct 15
  Waterfall Model
  - This was the first SDLC Model to be used widely in Software Engineering to ensure success of the project.
  
  - The whole process of software development is divided into separate phases.
  
  - The outcome of one phase acts as the input for the next phase sequentially.
  
  - The sequential phases in Waterfall model are:
  
  Requirement Gathering and analysis
  - All possible requirements of the system to be developed are captured in this phase and documented in a requirement specification doc.
  
  System Design
  - The requirement specifications from first phase are studied in this phase and a system design is prepared.
  - It helps in specifying hardware and system requirements and also helps in defining overall system architecture.
  
  Implementation
  - With inputs from system design, the system is first developed in small programs called units, which are integrated in the next phase.
  - Each unit is developed and tested for its functionality which is referred to as Unit Testing.
  
  Integration and Testing
  - All the units developed in the implementation phase are integrated into a system after testing of each unit.
  - Post integration the entire system is tested for any faults and failures.
  
  Deployment of system
  - Once the functional and non functional testing is done, the product is deployed in the customer environment or released into the market.
  
  Maintenance
  - Sometimes issues may come up in the client environment.
  - To fix those issues patches are released. Also to enhance the product some better versions are released.
  - Maintenance is done to deliver these changes in the customer environment.
  
  - All these phases are cascaded to each other in which progress is seen as flowing steadily downwards (like a waterfall) through the phases.
  
  - The next phase is started only after the defined set of goals are achieved for previous phase and it is signed off, so the name "Waterfall Model".
  
  - In this model phases do not overlap.

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