1) In Buddhism who is referred to as Bodhisattava?
a. He is most famous disciple of Buddha
b. One who accumulate merit through their efforts to help others
c. Gautama Buddha
d. One who accumulate merit through their efforts and achieve nibbana
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ANSWER: One who accumulate merit through their efforts to help others
Explanation:
Bodhisattas were perceived as deeply compassionate beings that accumulated merit through their efforts but used this not to attain nibbana and thereby abandon the world, but to help others. The worship of images of the Buddha and Bodhisattvas became an important part of this tradition.
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2) Who is considered as the Buddha who will come in the future?
a. Sakhamuni
b. Maitreya
c. Kasyapa
d. Kanakamuni
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ANSWER: Maitreya
Explanation:
Many Buddha’s have already taught like – Krakuchhanda, Kanakamuni, Kasyapa, Sakhamuni, etc.
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3) Vardhaman Mahavira passed away at
a. Pavapuri
b. Kusinagar
c. Mithila
d. Vaishali
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4) Jainism taught five doctrines. Buddha too laid a code of conduct. Which of the following is/are common among them?
1) Do not steal
2) Do not commit Violence
3) Do not use intoxicants
4) Do not indulge in corrupt practices
5) Do not lie
a. Only 1, 2 and 3
b. Only 1, 2, 3 and 4
c. Only 1, 2 and 5
d. All of the above
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ANSWER: Only 1, 2 and 5
Explanation:
3 and 4 are mentioned by Buddha. Mahavira mentions – do not acquire property and brahmacharya. Though Buddha asked monks to follow these two, it was not specifically mentioned in the code of conduct.
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5) Jain monastic establishments or shrines and temples are called
a. Basadi
b. Chaitya
c. Mandir
d. Tirth
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ANSWER: Basadi
Explanation:
The word is generally used in South India, including Maharashtra. Its historical use in North is preserved in the names of the Vimala Vasahi and Luna Vasahi temples of Mount Abu. It is also called desara, vasati (Sanskrit word).
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6) Which of the following statement/s is/are correct?
1) Mahavira and Buddha both were born in the kshatriya family.
2) Jainism did not condemn the varna system as Buddhism did.
a. Only 1
b. Only 2
c. Both 1 and 2
d. None of the above
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ANSWER: Both 1 and 2
Explanation:
According to Mahavira, a person is born in higher or lower varna according to his sins of previous birth. However any person can achieve liberation through pure and meritorious life. However none of them tried to eradicate the varna or caste system.
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7) Which of the following statement/s is/are correct regarding sects in Jainism?
1) The Shwetambaras were led by Bhadrabahu.
2) The Digambaras were led by Sthalabahu.
a. Only 1
b. Only 2
c. Both 1 and 2
d. None of the above
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ANSWER: None of the above
Explanation:
Digambaras were led by Bhadrabahu. He led them to the south because of a famine where they maintained their religious tenets. Sthalabahu remained in Magadha.
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8) The early Jains discarded Sanskrit and used which language to preach to common people?
a. Magadhi
b. Prakrit
c. Pali
d. Ardhamagadhi
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ANSWER: Prakrit
Explanation:
Their religious literature was written in Ardhamagadhi. Preaching was done in Prakrit.
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9) Many regional languages grew out of Prakrit. Marathi grew out of
a. Ardhamagadhi
b. Shauraseni
c. Pali
d. Prakrit
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ANSWER: Shauraseni
Explanation:
Shauraseni grew out of Prakrit and Marathi out of Shauraseni. The last stage of Prakrit languages is represented by the Apabhramsha, which was considered important on account of the fact that the modern languages like Hindi, Gujarati, Marathi and BangIa have all evolved from it.
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10) Which of the following statement/s is incorrect?
a. Buddhism does not recognize the existence of God.
b. Jainism does not recognize the existence of God.
c. Both opposed ritualistic Vedic religion.
d. Both opposed priestly domination.
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Explanation
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ANSWER: Jainism does not recognize the existence of God.
Explanation:
Jainism recognizes the existence of God but places it below the Jina. Jina means conqueror.
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11) Anuvrata is propagated in
a. Jainism
b. Mahayana Buddhism
c. Hinayana Buddhism
d. Vajrayana Buddhism
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ANSWER: Jainism
Explanation:
Anuvrata means the five doctrines of Jainism – Ahimsa, Satya, Asteya, Aparigriha and Brahmacharya. It is to be followed by the married in a less rigorous manner. If followed rigorously like the monks it is called Mahavratas.
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12) What is the name of Buddha’s mother?
a. Trishala
b. Gautami
c. Yasodhara
d. Mahamaya
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ANSWER: Mahamaya
Explanation:
Mahamaya gave birth to Buddha and died within 7 days after giving birth. The child was named Siddhartha after his aunt Gautami. Buddha adopted his aunt’s name and he became Gautam Buddha.
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13) Which of the following incidences made Buddha renounce his worldly life?
1) Sight of an old man
2) Sight of corpse
3) Sight of a diseased person
4) Sight of a happy ascetic
a. Only 2 and 3
b. Only 1 and 2
c. Only 1, 2 and 3
d. All of the above
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ANSWER: All of the above
Explanation:
Gautama was horrified at the sight of an old man, a diseased person, a dead body, and then being attracted by the saintly appearance of an ascetic. One night he left his home, wife and son and renounced the worldly life.
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14) The fundamental principle of Buddha's teachings are represented by the Four Noble Truths and the Eight fold path. Which of the following words summarize these?
1) Dhamma
2) SIla
3) Samadhi
4) Prajna
a. Only 1 and 3
b. Only 2, 3 and 4
c. Only 1, 2and 3
d. All of the above
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ANSWER: Only 2, 3 and 4
Explanation:
In some places Buddha is said to have summarized the whole process in three words viz. Sila (Right conduct), Samadhi (Right concentration) and Prajna (Right knowledge). The first two lead to the last one which is the direct cause of nirvana or liberation from the cycle of birth and death. Buddha advocated "The Middle Path" in which extremes are avoided.
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15) The preaching of ascetism and basic principles of Buddhism and Jainism are similar to or derived from
a. Brahmanas
b. Atharvaveda
c. Upanishads
d. Ajivikas
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ANSWER: Upanishads
Explanation:
Asceticism in fact, has its origin in the Vedic thought and has been directly encouraged by the Upanishads. The Aranyakas are the products of hermitages of the forests while the Upanishads recommend retirement to forests as essential to those who seek the highest knowledge. Both derived their basic principles from the Upanishads.
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16) The main element/elements in Buddhism are
1) Buddha
2) Dhamma
3) Sangha
4) Nirvana
5) Bhikshu
a. Only 1, 3 and 5
b. Only 1, 2 and 3
c. Only 1, 2, 4 and 5
d. All of the above
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ANSWER: Only 1, 2 and 3
Explanation:
As a result of organized teaching under the auspices of the sangha, Buddhism spread far and wide and very fast too.
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17) Which of the following statement/s is/are correct?
1) Buddhism believes that the universe is an eternal cycles of progress and declines.
2) Jainism believes that there is an endless cycle of birth and death.
a. Only 1
b. Only 2
c. Both 1 and 2
d. None of the above
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ANSWER: None of the above
Explanation:
It is exactly opposite. According to Jainism, the universe is eternal. Its existence is divided into cycles of progress (utsarpini) and declines (avasarpim).
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18) Who is said to have cut the original pipal tree at Bodh gaya, under which the Buddha had attained enlightenment?
a. Shashanka
b. Pushyamitra Sunga
c. Mihirakula
d. None of the above
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Explanation
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ANSWER: Shashanka
Explanation:
Shashanka of Gauda cut off the original tree. Pushyamitra is said to have persecuted Buddhists. Mihirakula a Huna King too killed hundreds of Buddhists.
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19) Who was the first teacher of Buddha?
a. Ananda
b. Uddaka
c. Ramputta
d. Alara Kalama
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ANSWER: Alara Kalama
Explanation:
Alara Kalama taught him technique of meditation. Ramputta also known as Uddaka was second teacher. Ananda was cousin and chief disciple.
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20) Each tirthankar has a symbol. The symbol of Mahavira is
a. Bull
b. Lion
c. Lotus
d. Elephant
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21) Which of the following is/are a part of the canonical literature of Buddhism?
1) Jataka Stories
2) Sutta pitaka
3) Vinyapitaka
a. Only 1
b. Only 1 and 2
c. Only 2 and 3
d. All of the above
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22) The chatras on top of the Stupa represents
a. Four Noble Truths
b. Triratnas
c. Eight fold path
d. Nirvana
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ANSWER: Triratnas
Explanation:
Chatras are 3 and represent triratnas of Buddhism – Buddha (enlightened), Dhamma (Doctrine) and Sangha (Order). They are umbrella shaped.
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23) Which of the following statement/s is/are correct regarding Stupas?
1) Concept of Stupa pre-dates Buddhism to the Vedic times.
2) In Buddhist tradition, originally 108 stupas were built after the death of Buddha.
a. Only 1
b. Only 2
c. Both 1 and 2
d. None of the above
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ANSWER: Only 1
Explanation:
Originally 9 stupas were built. Eight of them over his relics and ashes. The 9th over the vessel in which the relics and ashes were originally deposited.
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24) Which sect of Buddhism flourished in Ceylon?
a. Mahayan
b. Hinayan
c. Vajrayana
d. Mahayana and Hinayana equally flourished
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ANSWER: Hinayan
Explanation:
As Buddhism travelled to new regions such as Sri Lanka, other texts such as the Dipavamsa (literally, the chronicle of the island) and Mahavamsa (the great chronicle) were written, containing regional histories of Buddhism.
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25) Vajrayana and its canons were given patronage by _______.
a. Rashtrakutas
b. Shungas
c. Mauryas
d. Palas
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ANSWER: Palas
Explanation:
Vajrayana (Vehicle of the thunderbolt) - Feminine divinities were worshipped. Canons were codified and given sanctity by the Palas of Bihar and Bengal. Sexual symbolism and intercourse became rituals. The primary aim was to get supernatural power (like the thunderbolt). Mantras were used for it. Vikramshila University was the main centre for Vajrayana Buddhism (Tantric Buddhism).
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