ANSWER: Indian Ocean Dipole
Explanation:
Indian summer monsoon rain is influenced by a system of oscillating sea surface temperatures known as Indian Ocean Dipole in which the Western Indian Ocean becomes warmer and colder than the eastern part of the ocean.
Existence of three types of IOD indicate that to determine the effects of monsoon rainfall, each of these three types have to be considered.
- Positive IOD leads to increased and above active rainfall while negative IOD leads to less rainfall and more monsoon break.
