1) Which of the following are objectives and aims of the Water4crops initiative of EU-India?
1) Efficiently utilize low quality industrial (food) and municipal wastewater
2) Improving water use efficiency through improved agronomics
3) Multidisciplinary issues of water management
a. 2, 3
b. 1, 3
c. 1, 2
d. All of the above
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: All of the above
Explanation:
Some of the overall and specific objectives are – - Developing innovative bio-technological wastewater treatments for enhancing wastewater agricultural reuse.
- Co-creating innovative combinations of bio-treatment, recycling of water and high-value products, and bio-productions for the development of biotechnologies and agri-business in Europe and India towards a “green growth”.
- Selection and optimization of fungal consortium to remove contaminants from municipal wastewater for re-use in agriculture
- Increasing saline wastewater use efficiency through Integrated Mangrove-Fishery Farming System
- Improving water use efficiency through improved agronomics, plant breeding and new irrigation technologies.
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2) The Water4crops initiative between EU and India is led by which organisation from the Indian consortium’s side?
a. IARI
b. Pusa Institute
c. ICRISAT
d. ICAR
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: ICRISAT
Explanation:
- The project has been co-funded by Government of India through the Department of Biotechnology (DBT) under the Ministry of Science & Technology and the European Union.
- The project integrates bio-treated wastewater reuse with enhanced water-use efficiency to support the Green Economy in EU and India.
- The EU Consortium includes 21 partners from 8 Countries and the India-based consortium consists of 11 research and development partners led by the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT). Other partners on the Indian side are National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), MS Swaminathan Research Foundation (MSSRF), The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) and Euro-India Research Centre (EIRC), among others.
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3) What is the aim of ‘Water4crops’ project?
a. Use less water for crops
b. More irrigation facilities
c. Bio-treated wastewater reuse
d. Drip and Sprinkle Irrigation
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: Bio-treated wastewater reuse
Explanation:
- The 'Water4crops' is one of the largest technology initiatives between India-EU.
- The project also proved that the construction of wetland reduces the amount of pollutants, chemical oxygen demand (COD) in wastewater by 30-92 per cent.
- Biotechnological waste water treatments and reuse in agronomical systems that will address the emerging, increasingly important issue for the world: “Water and wastewater reuse and management”.
- Water4Crops stands for “integrating bio-treated wastewater reuse and valorisation with enhanced water use efficiency to support the Green Economy in Europe and India”.
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