IRNSS - Features and Applications
IRNSS - Features and Applications
-The Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System is an autonomous regional satellite navigation system being developed by the Indian Space Research Organization which would be under complete control of the Indian government.
- An independent regional navigation satellite system being developed by India, it is designed to provide accurate position information to users in India as well as the region extending up to 1500 km from its boundary, which happens to be its primary service area.
- Two types of services will be provided by IRNSS, namely Standard Positioning Service (SPS) which is provided to all users and Restricted Service (RS), which is an encrypted service provided only to authorized users. The IRNSS System is expected to provide a position accuracy of better than 20 m in the primary service area.
IRNSS Features
- Highly precise position, velocity and time information in real time for authorized users on a variety of vehicles.
- Provides data with good accuracy for a single frequency user with the help of Ionospheric corrections.
-Works on a 24 hour clock under all weather condition.
Applications of IRNSS:
IRNSS can be utilized in the following area
- Terrestrial, Aerial and Marine Navigation
- Disaster Management
- Vehicle tracking and fleet management
- Integration with mobile phones
- Precise Timing
- Mapping and Geodetic data capture
- Terrestrial navigation aid for hikers and travellers
- Visual and voice navigation for drivers
Architecture: The IRNSS consists of three segments ie space, ground and user.
Space: The space segment is made up of a constellation of seven satellites: three Geostationary Orbits and four Gyosynchronous Orbit.
Ground: IRNSS ground segment consists of ground stations for generation and transmission of navigation parameters, satellite control, satellite ranging and monitoring. A total of 20 stations are planned, most of them located at airports along with GAGAN ground elements.
User: IRNSS will have the two Master Control Stations MCS, which may be located together with GAGAN INMCC.
The satellite is designed for a nominal life of 7 years and its payload consists of electronic equipment to generate navigation signals and absolutely precise on-board atomic clocks. The system can be enhanced with local area augmentation for higher accuracy.
Discussion
- RE: IRNSS - Features and Applications -Janhvi Johorey (04/01/15)
Key features of IRNSS 1-D
Question - India’s defence forces need indigenous technology to boost their effective functioning. ISRO’s PSLV -C27 launched IRNSS 1-D as a means of furthering the navigational skills of Indian defence forces. Explain the key features of IRNSS 1-D.
ISRO’s Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle, PSLV-C27 has successfully launched the IRNSS 1-D which is the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System’s fourth satellite.
IRNSS 1-D
• This satellite was launched from Satish Dhawan Space Centre SHAR in Sriharikota
• This is the 28th consecutive successful mission of PSLV
• XL configuration of PSLV has been applied for this mission
• The same configuration of this vehicle has been effectively used 7 times till now
• PSLV-C27 launched off from the Second Launch Pad with ignition of the first stage
• The satellite completely the following stages successfully:
- Strap-on ignitions and separations,
- First stage separation,
- Second stage ignition,
- Heat-shield separation,
- Second stage separation,
- Third stage ignition and separation,
- Fourth stage ignition and
- Satellite injection
• Following a flight of 19 minutes and 25 seconds, the satellite was successfully injected into an elliptical orbit of the following dimensions: 282.52 km X 20,644 km
• It successfully separated from the PSLV fourth stage
• Following injection, the solar panels of the satellite were automatically deployed
• IRNSS 1D is the first satellite which will be located at 111.75 degree east station in an inclined orbit joining IRNSS 1A and 1B.
• IRNSS spacecraft are constructed around ISRO’s l-1K satellite bus with mass of 603 kgs or 1,330 lb
• Loaded with 822 kg of propellant for the purpose of movement, manoeuvring and orbit raising, mass at launch will be 1,425 kgs
• The spacecraft get power from solar arrays which generate 1.6 kilowatts of power used for broadcasting L5 and S band navigation signals
• Each IRNSS satellite also has C-band transponders and retroreflectors used for range calibration to determine the position of the spacecraft
• Propulsion as well as control system of every single IRNSS satellite comprises liquid fuelled apogee motor producing up to 440 newtons or 99 pounds force of thrust to raise the satellite into operational orbit
• The satellite also has 12 reaction control thrusters for 3 axis attitude control
• The satellite is also fitted with reaction wheels and mane torquers to control the approach of the spacecraft
• Much like the previous three satellites, IRNSS 1D will have a lifespan of around 10 years
• The IRNSS constellation of 7 satellites will be finished and complete by 2016
• Through this launch, the country will operationalise IRNSS; the receivers will be used for independently pinpointing the location
• IRNSS 1D will help augment the satellite based navigation system of the nation; it is a regional navigation system
IRNSS will provide the following services:
- Navigation
- Tracking
- Mapping
Facts and Stats
• This satellite will conduct 4 orbit manoeuvres to position the satellite in the Geosynchronous Orbit
• This is the fourth of 7 satellites constituting the space segment of the IRNSS
• The first three satellites of the constellation were launched successfully by PSLV in July 2013, April 2014 and October 2014.
• IRNSS is an independent regional navigation satellite system
• It will provide position information within the Indian region and 1500 km across the mainland
• IRNSS will provide 2 types of services namely Standard Positioning Servics and Restricted Services
• While the former is provided for all users, while the latter is for authorised/military users
• IRNSS 1D satellite will join the three others in orbit already; the IRNSS has been developed by the ISRO since the year 2006
• The first satellite of this system reached orbit in mid 2013
• IRNSS constellation has 3 geostationary satellites and 4 more in inclined geosynchronous orbits
• Geostationary slots are located at 34,83 and 132 degree east to be occupied by a unitary satellite while two inclined stations at 117.5 and 55 degrees East will be home to pairs of spacecrafts.
