NCRB Findings Regarding Crimes Committed in India, 2014-2015
NCRB Findings Regarding Crimes Committed in India, 2014-2015
Question: Besides an increase in the number of cognisable crimes in India during 2014, the rate of conviction rose as well, but not for crimes such as rape and sexual assault. Discuss in the context of NCRB findings with regard to crimes committed in India.
- Currently, over 9.4 lakh cases were under IPC pending investigation towards the close of 2013 as against 28 lakh cases registered during 2014
- In around 1 lakh cases, report found complaints are false while there were 2,500 rape cases and close to 10,000 abduction cases
- Largest number of cases deemed false were of cheating; towards the close of 2014, around 10 lakh cases were investigated
- Police has filed charge sheets in 80% of all IPC cases deemed true
- Charge sheets were high for rape(95.6%) and low for theft(35.6%)
- States with the highest crime rates: Kerala, MP and AP
- States with the lowest crime rates: Manipur, Assam and Meghalaya
- At court level, nearly 80 lakh cases were pending towards the close of 2013 and around 20 lakh cases were sent to trial in the year 2014
- Trials were completed in over 13 lakh of cases during 2014
- Conviction rates for cases under IPC rose to 45.1% in 2014 from 40.2% in 2013
- The rates are highest for rash and negligent driving and low for cruelty by husband
- Rape and attempt to rape had low conviction rates as well
- Mizoram and Kerala had the highest conviction rates while Bihar and WB had the lowest rates at 10 percent
- The number of registered crimes against SC and ST rose by nearly 20 percent and the rate of conviction under SC/ST Prevention of Atrocities Act was under 16 percent
- Crimes Against Children
- Sharp rise was noted in reported crimes against children
- There was little increase in the rate of crime juveniles were accused of
- Number of reported crimes against children doubled between 2012 and 2013
- It has increased by 50 percent during the past two years
- Around 90,000 crimes were registered against children in 2014 of which 37,000 were kidnapping and abduction cases and 14,000 involved rape
- Rate of conviction in rape cases against children in 2014 was just 31%
- Number of crimes against children in 2012 was 26,694; it was 58,224 in 2013 and 89,423 in 2014
- Majority of juveniles in conflict in law are accused of theft while over 2,000 juveniles were booked for underage drinking
- Rape and Sexual Assault
NCRB has found the following major conclusions regarding sexual assault in India:
- Spike in reported rapes has tapered off; reported rapes grew between 2012 and 2013 at a higher rate and at the same rate as total cognisable IPC crime during other years
Total reported rapes for the following years was as follows:
- 2010: 20,000
- 2011: 25,000
- 2012: 30,000
- 2013: 35,000
- 2014: 40,000
- Reported rape in India has remained low by international standards
Reported rapes per 100,000 population was as follows for the following countries:
- Sweden - 58.9
- UK – 36.4
- Belgium - 27.7
- USA - 24.9
- Brazil - 24.9
- Norway - 22.5
- France - 17.4
- Sri Lanka - 10.3
- Russian Federation - 3
- India - 2.95
- The problem is that India is under-reporting the number of such crimes
- Marital rape is not recognised as a crime in India even now
- Delhi reported the largest number of rapes in absolute as well as proportional terms
Facts and Stats
- Cities with ten highest reported rapes( in 2014 and 2013 respectively)
- DELHI – 1813 & 1441
- MUMBAI – 607 & 391
- JAIPUR – 263 & 192
- PUNE – 189 & 171
- INDORE – 185 & 133
- BHOPAL – 178 & 131
- HYDERABAD – 126 & 101
- JABALPUR – 113 & 115
- NAGPUR – 113 & 91
- LUDHIANA – 111 & 109
- Smaller cities especially in MP and Chattisgarh reported highest number of rapes
Cities with ten highest rates of reported rape (per 1 lakh women). Rate of rape in 2014 and 2013:
- DELHI - 23.93 & 19.02
- KOTA - 21.19 & 18.22
- GWALIOR - 20.66 & 22.81
- BHOPAL - 19.82 & 14.59
- JABALPUR - 18.71 & 19.04
- JAIPUR - 18.09 & 13.20
- INDORE - 17.82 & 12.81
- RAIPUR - 16.18 & 15.63
- FARIDABAD - 15.44 & 9.94
- LUDHIANA - 15.02 & 14.75
- Activism around December 2012 rape has led to real numbers being reported
- While the proportion of reported rapes in which the accused were known by the victim dipped from 95% to 84%, conviction rate in rape cases is far lower than IPC crimes in general
