What do you understand by LEDs? How do they work? - Electronics

What do you understand by LEDs? How do they work?

LEDs refer to the term Light Emitting Diode. LEDs are heavily doped p-n junctions which works under forward bias and emits spontaneous radiation. When the p-n junction is forward biased-

-The excess minority chargers accumulate at the junction boundary on either side.

-When they recombine, energy is released in the form of photons, having energy equal to or lesser than the band gap energy.

-The intensity of light emitted is directly proportional to the forward current.

-The reverse breakdown voltage is low (around 5V).