It is a process of creating systems, and methodologies and
models that people use to develop software.................
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SDLC serves as a guide to the project and provides a flexible
and consistent medium to accommodate changes,...............
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An SDLC model defines implementation of an approach to the
project. It defines the various processes, and phases that would be carried out
throughout the project to produce the desired output.................
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Waterfall is a sequential and non iterative SDLC model which describes flowing
of phases downwards one by one. The process does not start a phase unless the
previous phase is completed once and for all completely..................
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Requirements gathering: All the requirements are gathered and
analysis is performed for the complete system..................
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Strengths of the waterfall model are: a) No planning needed
b) Works well for small projects with fixed and clear
requirements................
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Weaknesses of waterfall model are: a) It is Inflexible b)
Accommodating changes is very hard
....................
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One should use the waterfall model only when: Requirements
are very clear and fixed. There are no ambiguous requirements.............
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The V-shaped SDLC model is an extension of the waterfall
model. The typical waterfall moves linearly downwards,..................
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Phases in V-Shaped model: Verification phases are on the left
side of the V-shape. It consists of: Requirements analysis: Requirements are
gathered and analysis is performed to understand the problem and propose a
solution...............
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Strengths of V-Shaped model: a) Simple and easy to use model.
b) Every phase has clear and fixed deliverables...............
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Weaknesses of V-Shaped model: a) It is inflexible. b) Changes
in requirements are very hard to accommodate...............
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The V-shaped model should be used for small to medium sized
projects where requirements are clearly defined and fixed.................
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Prototype SDLC models is based upon creation of a software
prototype of the complete system and then refine and review it continuously
till the complete acceptable system is built..............
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Phases in prototype model: Identify some requirements to
begin with: Get a list of some major requirements which define the need for the
new system including the main input output information...............
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Strengths of prototype model are: a) Gains customer’s
confidence as developers and customers are in sync with each other’s
expectations continuously...............
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Weaknesses of the Prototype model are: a) Focusing on the
prototype can mislead developers from understanding the actual desired system.
b) End users get confused, believing the prototype to be the complete
system.............
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Prototype model should be used when the desired system needs
to have a lot of interaction with the end users................
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RAD involves iterative development along with creation of prototypes. It uses
interactive use of techniques and prototypes to define user’s requirements and
system design clearly................
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Phases in RAD: Business modeling: The information flow is
identified between various business functions.............
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Strengths of RAD: a) Reduced development time. b) Increases
reusability of components............
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Weaknesses of RAD: a) Depends on strong team and individual
performances for identifying business requirements...............
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RAD should be used when there is a need to create a system
that can be modularized in 2-3 months of time...............
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Incremental SDLC approach suggests construction of a partial system rather than
the complete system and then builds more functionality into it. Requirements
and features are prioritized...........
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Phases of incremental model are same as waterfall i.e. Requirements, design,
implementation, testing, maintenance. However, instead of following the
waterfall once and for all linearly,................
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Strengths of incremental model are: a) Develop high risk
business features first b) Every increment delivers an operational
product...............
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Weaknesses of incremental model are: a) Needs good planning
and design. b) Needs a clear and complete definition of the complete system
before it can be broken down and built incrementally................
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Incremental model should only be used when: Requirements of
the complete system are clearly defined and understood. Major
requirements must be defined; however, some details can evolve with
time...............
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The spiral SDLC model combines components of both design and prototype in
phases. It’s a hybrid of waterfall and prototyping model..............
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Phases in spiral model: a) System requirements are identified
in detail. b) An initial design is created for the new system based on the
requirements in previous phase..............
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Strengths of the Spiral model: a) Early identification of
potential risk areas. b) Customer sees a prototype very early in the
SDLC.................
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Weaknesses of Spiral model are: a) Not suitable for smaller
or low budget projects as cost is high for identifying risks. b) Time spent on
risks, planning, and prototyping may not be as efficient............
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Spiral model should be used when: a) Prototypes are
expected/needed. b) Large and high budget projects c) When risk assessment is
very critical..............
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There is no specific SDLC model that can be used for all
types of projects and situations. If none of the popular SDLC models suit for a
specific project then...............
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answer
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