1) An object of 1 kg is attached to the string at the height of 100 m from the ground. What is the velocity of the object when it impacts on the ground, if it is released from string at 100 m?
Take acceleration due to gravity g=9.8 m/s2 (Marks: 02)
a. 1960 m/s
b. 221.36 m/s
c. 44.27 m/s
d. none of the above
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: 44.27 m/s
Explanation:
No other than gravitational force is acting upon the object. Thus by using motion equation v2 = u2+ 2as and taking initial velocity of the object u = 0, we can get the final velocity that is 44.27 m/s.
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2) Two velocities are moving in such direction that the angle between them is 30°. The two velocities are having magnitudes 15 m/s and 25 m/s respectively. Calculate the magnitude of resultant velocity. (Marks: 02)
a. 30.47 m/s
b. 35 m/s
c. 38.72 m/s
d. none of the above
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: 38.72 m/s
Explanation:
By using parallelogram law,
w2 =u2 + v2 + 2uv cos(a)
Where,
w = magnitude of resultant velocity
u = magnitude of first velocity
v = magnitude of second velocity
a = angle between first and second velocity
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3) What is stress? (Marks: 01)
a. internal resistance offered by a body against deformation
b. external resistance offered by a body against deformation
c. internal force offered by a body against deformation
d. external force offered by a body against deformation
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: internal resistance offered by a body against deformation
Explanation:
Stress is an internal resistance offered by a body or a material against deformation. It is a resisting force per unit area.
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4) Poisson's ratio is the ratio of ______(Marks: 01)
a. longitudinal strain to lateral strain
b. lateral strain to longitudinal strain
c. longitudinal stress to lateral strain
d. lateral stress to longitudinal strain
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: lateral strain to longitudinal strain
Explanation:
The ratio of lateral strain to longitudinal strain has a constant value and it is called as Poisson's ratio. Poisson's ratio is denoted by v
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5) A spring of radius 1 cm obeys Hooke's law. A mass of 2 kg is attached to the spring. Calculate the extension of the spring. The spring constant k is 110 N/m
a. 17.81 m
b. 0.1781 cm
c. 0.1781 m
d. 0.1781 mm
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: 0.1781 m
Explanation:
According to the Hooke's law force applied to extend or compress a spring is directly proportional to change in length of the spring. Therefore F = – kX where k is spring constant. By using this formula and taking force applied F = mg = 2 × 9.8 =19.6 N and k = 110 N/m we can fine X.
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6) Calculate the normal stress acting on the plane of maximum shear stress, considering the following state of stress shown in the figure. (Marks: 02)
a. 30 MPa compression
b. 30 MPa tension
c. 15 MPa compression
d. 15 MPa tension
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: 15 MPa compression
Explanation:
Normal stress acting on the plane of maximum shear stress will be, (Taking compression as positive)
σn = (σx± σy) / 2 =(50 – 20) / 2 = +15
that is 15 MPa compression.
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7) The part of machine which is resistant and undergoes relative motion is called as __________(Marks: 01)
a. kinematic link
b. element
c. both a. and b.
d. none of the above
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: both a. and b.
Explanation:
A part of machine which undergoes relative motion with respect to some other part is called as as kinematic link or element. The kinematic link or element should be resistant body.
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8) How is the kinematic pair formed?(Marks: 01)
a. when two kinematic links of a machine are in contact with each other and relative motion between them is not completely constrained
b. when two kinematic links of a machine are in contact with each other and relative motion between them is completely constrained
c. both a. and b.
d. none of the above
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: when two kinematic links of a machine are in contact with each other and relative motion between them is completely constrained
Explanation:
When two kinematic links or elements are in contact with each other, they are said to form a pair and if the relative motion between them is completely constrained, the pair is called as kinematic pair.
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9) The punching rate of a punching press is 20 holes per minute. It is required to punch a hole of diameter 50 mm on a plate of 20 mm thickness. Press requires 10 N-m of energy per mm2 of sheared area. Calculate the energy required for punching work per second. (Marks: 02)
a. 628318.2 Nm/s
b. 10471.97 Nm/s
c. 31416 Nm/s
d. none of the above
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: 10471.97 Nm/s
Explanation:
d =50 mm
t = 20 mm
Number of holes = 20 holes per minute
Energy required = 10 N-m/mm 2
Sheared area per hole = πdt
= π × 50 × 20
= 3141.6 mm2
Energy required to punch one hole = 3141.6 × 10
= 31416 N-m
and the energy required for punching work per second
= energy required per hole × number of holes per second
= 31416 × (20/60)
= 10471.97 Nm/s
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10) Which of the following statements is wrong?
(1) A statically balanced rotor is always dynamically balanced
(2) A dynamically balanced rotor is always statically balanced (Marks: 02)
a. Only (1)
b. Only (2)
c. both (1) and (2)
d. both are correct
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: Only (1)
Explanation:
When rotor is dynamically balanced then it is always statically balanced. But when rotor is statically balanced then it may or may not be dynamically balanced.
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11) The ratio of critical stress to allowable stress is called as ___________(Marks: 01)
a. factor of stress
b. factor of strength
c. factor of safety
d. none of the above
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: factor of safety
Explanation:
Factor of safety is the ratio of critical stress (or ultimate stress) to allowable stress (or working stress). Higher the value of factor of safety, lower will be the risk of failure of machine element.
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12) The load which can vary in magnitude as well as in direction is called as ________(Marks: 01)
a. static load
b. dynamic load
c. both a. and b.
d. none of the above
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: dynamic load
Explanation:
Dynamic loads vary in magnitude as well as direction whereas static loads do not vary in direction.
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13) Why is the maximum stress applied to any machine element should always be less than its ultimate stress or critical stress? (Marks: 02)
a. for safety against machine failure
b. to make complete use of mechanical properties of the machine element
c. both a. and b
d. none of the above
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: both a. and b
Explanation:
To design any machine element, safety is always considered as an important factor. Also to make use of mechanical properties of the machine element before its failure, it is designed in such a manner that the maximum applied stress should be less than its ultimate stress or critical stress. This applied stress is called as allowable stress or working stress.
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14) Maximum principles stress theory by Rankine is applicable for those materials which are __________(Marks: 02)
a. strong in shear but weak in tension or compression
b. weak in shear but strong in tension or compression
c. strong in shear as well as in tension or compression
d. weak in shear as well as in tension or compression
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: strong in shear but weak in tension or compression
Explanation:
The Rankine theory predicts the failure behavior of brittle material like cast iron. Brittle materials are strong in shear but weak in tension or compression.
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15) What is the effect of plating on the fatigue strength of a machine element?(Marks: 02)
a. plating increases fatigue strength of a machine element
b. plating decreases fatigue strength of a machine element
c. plating does not affect fatigue strength of a machine element
d. unpredictable
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: plating decreases fatigue strength of a machine element
Explanation:
The internal residual stresses importantly affect the fatigue strength of a machine element. These internal residual stresses are affected by plating. Thus plating decreases fatigue strength of a machine element.
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16) The ratio of weight of fluid to the volume of the fluid is called as _________(Marks: 01)
a. partial weight
b. partial volume
c. specific weight
d. specific volume
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: specific weight
Explanation:
Specific weight is defined as the weight of the fluid per unit volume.
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17) Which of the following is actually an ideal fluid?(Marks: 02)
a. air
b. water
c. oil
d. none of the above
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: none of the above
Explanation:
The fluid which is incompressible and which has no viscosity is known as an ideal fluid. Water and oil have some viscosity among the above fluids. Viscosity of air can be negligible but it is not incompressible. Therefore ideal fluid is only a hypothetical fluid. All the existing fluids have some viscosity.
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18) The velocity at which the fluid flow changes from viscous flow to a turbulent flow is called as ___________(Marks: 02)
a. laminar velocity of fluid flow
b. turbulent velocity of fluid flow
c. critical velocity of fluid flow
d. none of the above
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: critical velocity of fluid flow
Explanation:
A liquid have steady viscous flow at only low velocity. The flow becomes turbulent after reaching certain velocity. This velocity is called as critical velocity of fluid flow.
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19) Which among the following sentences are true for turbulent flow
(1) The frictional resistance is proportional to the square of the velocity
(2) The frictional resistance is independent of the pressure
(3) The frictional resistance is proportional to the density of fluid
(4) The frictional resistance slightly varies with temperature (Marks: 02)
a. sentences (1), (2) and (3) are correct
b. sentences (2), (3) and (4) are correct
c. sentences (1), (2) and (4) are correct
d. all the sentences are correct
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: all the sentences are correct
Explanation:
The laws of friction for turbulent flow states that, the frictional resistance is proportional to the square of the velocity, the frictional resistance is independent of the pressure, the frictional resistance is proportional to the density of fluid and the frictional resistance slightly varies with temperature
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20) A copper plat has dimensions 1m × 2m × 0.08m. The one of the largest surfaces is kept at 100 °C and other one is at 0 °C. Thermal conductivity of the copper plate k is 400 W/mK. What is the rate at which energy flows through the plate and the thermal resistance of the plate? (Marks: 02)
a. 800 kW, 1 × 10– 3 K/W
b. 800 kW, 1 × 10– 4 K/W
c. 80000 W, 1 × 10– 3 K/W
d. 80000 W, 1 × 10– 4 K/W
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: 800 kW, 1 × 10– 4 K/W
Explanation:
According to the Fourier's law of heat conduction,
Rate of heat flow is given by,
qk = ( k A ΔT ) / l
= (400 × 1 × 2 × (80 – 0)) / 0.08
=800 kW
And thermal resistance is given by,
Rt = l / kA
= 0.08 / (400 × 1 × 2)
=1 × 10– 4 K/W
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21) Two layers of different metals are made composite connecting parallel. The heat flow takes place as shown in figure. Thermal resistances of the two layers are R1 = 0.036 K/W and R2 = 0.05 K/W What is the thermal resistance of the system? (Marks: 02)
a. 0.086 K/W
b. 47.778 K/W
c. 0.0209 K/W
d. none of the above
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: 0.0209 K/W
Explanation:
In a composite wall when layers are connected in parallel, the thermal resistance of the system is given by,
(1 / R) = (1 / R2) + (1 / R2)
R = (R1 × R2) / (R1 + R2)
R = (0.036 × 0.05) + (0.036 + 0.05)
R = 0.0209 K/W
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22) In which condition does the internal energy of the system increase? (Marks: 02)
a. when the heat transfer into the system is less than the work transfer out of the system
b. when the heat transfer into the system is more than the work transfer out of the system
c. when the heat transfer into the system is equal to the work transfer out of the system
d. none of the above
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: when the heat transfer into the system is more than the work transfer out of the system
Explanation:
When a system undergoes a change of state along with the heat transfer as well as work transfer, the net energy transfer is collected and stored within the system. When heat transfer within the system Q is more than the work transfer out of the system W, then the change in energy (Q – W) is stored in the system. This is the internal energy and it increases.
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23) Which is the example of path function?(Marks: 01)
a. Heat energy
b. Work energy
c. both a. and b.
d. none of the aboves
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: both a. and b.
Explanation:
Heat energy as well as work energy both depend on the path followed by the system. Therefore both are the path functions.
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24) What is the Perpetual Motion Machine of First Kind (PMM1)? (Marks: 02)
a. a machine which produces mechanical work with consumption of some energy
b. a machine which produces mechanical work without consumption of some energy
c. a machine which generates heat energy with consumption of some external work
d. none of the above
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: a machine which produces mechanical work without consumption of some energy
Explanation:
PMM1 is a machine which violates first law of thermodynamics. It states that energy neither be created nor be destroyed. Thus PMM1 is a machine which produces mechanical work without consumption of some energy
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25) A cyclic heat engine operates between source temperature of 1000 °C and a sink temperature 50 °C. Calculate least rate of heat rejection when net work output is 2 kW. (Marks: 02)
a. 2.6799 kW
b. 0.6799 kW
c. 0.7463 kW
d. none of the above
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: 0.6799 kW
Explanation:
The rate of heat rejection will be least for reversible engine,
ηrev = ηmax = 1 – (Tsink / Tsource )
= 1 – (323 / 1273)
= 0.7463
ηmax = Wnet / Q1
Q1 = Wnet / ηmax
= 2 / 0.7463
= 2.6799 kW
Therefore the least heat rejection rate, Q2 is
Q2 = Q1 – Wnet
= 2.6799 – 2
= 0.6799 kW
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26) What is a quasi-static process? (Marks: 02)
a. a process which is random
b. a process which is spontaneous
c. a process which is infinitely slow
d. a process which is stationary
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: a process which is infinitely slow
Explanation:
The system has to pass through an infinitely slow process in order to experience equilibrium at every stage in the process. This infinitely slow process is called as quasi-static process
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27) Which among the following has an infinite heat capacity?(Marks: 01)
a. heat engine
b. thermal energy reservoir
c. both a. and b
d. none of the above
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: thermal energy reservoir
Explanation:
Thermal energy reservoir is either heat source or heat sink which can absorb or reject unlimited amount of heat energy without considerable change in temperature.
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28) What is the relation between the specific heat of gas at constant pressure (Cv) and the specific heat of gas at constant volume (Cp) at the absolute zero point? (Marks: 02)
a. (Cp) > (Cv)
b. (Cp) < (Cv)
c. (Cp) = (Cv)
d. unpredictable
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: (Cp) = (Cv)
Explanation:
The entropy is zero at the absolute zero. Also the value of γ is 1 at the absolute zero. γ = 1 = Cp/ Cv
Therefore (Cp) = (Cv) at absolute zero
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29) Which condition of Rankine cycle has highest efficiency when operating between same pressure limits? (Marks: 02)
a. Superheated cycle
b. Regenerative cycle
c. Reheat cycle
d. Saturated cycle
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: Regenerative cycle
Explanation:
The efficiency of ideal regenerative cycle is exactly equal to the corresponding Carnot cycle. Hence it is maximum.
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30) What is the purpose of using capillary tube in vapor compression refrigeration cycle?(Marks: 01)
a. to compress the refrigerant
b. to expand the refrigerant
c. to condense refrigerant
d. none of the above
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: to expand the refrigerant
Explanation:
High pressure condensed refrigerant is expanded in capillary tube or throttling value.
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31) Which parameter is constant during condensation process in vapor compression refrigeration cycle? (Marks: 02)
a. enthalpy
b. volume
c. pressure
d. all of the above
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: pressure
Explanation:
Condensation process in vapor compression cycle is a constant pressure process. Refrigerant is first superheated and then condensed.
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32) Mass fraction of vapor in liquid-vapor mixture is called as _________(Marks: 02)
a. partial gas fraction
b. flash gas fraction
c. both a. and b.
d. none of the above
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: flash gas fraction
Explanation:
Flash gas fraction is the quality of refrigerant at the inlet to the evaporator. This is the mass fraction of vapor in liquid-vapor mixture of refrigerant.
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33) What is the cause of formation of blow holes in metal casting? (Marks: 02)
a. excessive moisture
b. presence of such ingredients which produce gas
c. fine grains
d. all of the above
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: all of the above
Explanation:
Blow holes appear as cavities in the casting. They are the entrapped bubbles of gases caused by excessive moisture, gas producing ingredients as well as fine grains.
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34) The forming process in which the working temperature is lower than the recrystallization temperature is called as ________(Marks: 01)
a. hot forming
b. cold forming
c. crystalline forming
d. none of the above
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: cold forming
Explanation:
In cold working or cold forming the plastic deformation of metal is carried out at the temperature below recrystallization temperature.
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35) Which is the material represented in below stress-strain curve? (Marks: 02)
a. Rigid ideal plastic material
b. Ideal plastic material with elastic region
c. Ideal elastic material
d. none of the above
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: Ideal plastic material with elastic region
Explanation:
In above diagram, the material behaves elastically at certain point and after that it behaves as ideal plastic material. Thus it is an ideal plastic material with elastic region.
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36) Which of the following is NOT a type of hot working?(Marks: 01)
a. Rolling
b. Pipe welding
c. Forging
d. none of the above
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: none of the above
Explanation:
All the given processes are types of hot working.
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37) What is the effect of hot working process on material density? (Marks: 02)
a. material density decreases in hot working process
b. material density increases in hot working process
c. material density remains same in hot working process
d. unpredictable
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: material density increases in hot working process
Explanation:
Any pores or cavity in the cast metal disappear in hot working process. This results in increase in material density.
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38) What is the effect of cold working process on material grains? (Marks: 02)
a. material grains distort permanently
b. material grains distort temporarily and again come back to original shape slowly
c. material grains remains as it is
d. can't say
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: material grains distort permanently
Explanation:
There is no crystallization takes place in cold working process. Material is processed mechanically below crystallization temperature. Thus material grains are permanently distorted.
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39) Which process is best suitable to increase strength of material and to decrease ductility after processing? (Marks: 02)
a. Hot working
b. Cold working
c. both a. and b.
d. none of the above
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: Cold working
Explanation:
The material grains are permanently distorted in cold working process. The material strength increases and ductility decreases in cold working process.
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40) Why is the copper suitable to use as filler for joining iron and silver? (Marks: 02)
a. copper is soluble in iron
b. copper is soluble in silver
c. both a. and b.
d. none of the above
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: both a. and b.
Explanation:
The filler material should be soluble in both of the materials which are going to be joined. As copper is soluble in iron as well as in silver, it is suitable as filler for joining iron and silver.
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41) Which type of material is difficult to spot weld? (Marks: 02)
a. highly resistive materials
b. highly conductive materials
c. both a. and b.
d. none of the above
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Answer
Explanation
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ANSWER: highly conductive materials
Explanation:
Spot welding requires maximum resistance at the surface of two parts to be joined. Thus spot welding process is difficult for highly conductive materials
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