China, Terrorism - Current Affairs Questions and Answers

ANSWER: Both of the above

Explanation:
Indian Army conducted surgical strikes on terror launch pads across the Line of Control. DGMO Lieutenant General Ranbir Singh said the motive of the operation was to hit out at terrorists planning to infiltrate into the Indian territory.

• Lt Gen Singh informed that considerable casualties were caused by terrorists during the operation
• There have been many infiltration bids by terrorists at LoC reflected by terror attacks at Uri and Poonch on 11th and 18th Sept
• DGMO spoke of how nothing was done despite Pakistan being told not to use its territory for terror activities
• Pakistan gave the commitment to India that in 2004, it will not allow its soil to be a ground for terror activities
• Close to 20 infiltration attempts have been successfully foiled by the Indian Army in 2016
• India offered consular access to apprehend terrorists from Pakistan and fingerprints and DNA samples of terrorists killed in Uri and Poonch can also be made available to the neighbouring country
• Lieutenant General Singh shared India’s concerns and told the Pakistani counterpart about the surgical strikes
• Pakistan has responded to the government statement that “no such strike” was carried out and only “unprovoked firing” was carried out in certain districts “Bhimber, Hotspring, Kel and Lipa sectors which started at 0230 and continued till 0800,” the Pakistani military spokesperson claimed
• Pulling out of the SAARC summit in Islamabad, Indian government will now go ahead with SAARC minus Pakistan
• Indian pulled out with Afghanistan, Bangladesh and Bhutan also lending support by doing so
• Pointing to motor vehicle movement agreements, railway linkages and the SAARC satellite program for which SAARC countries apart from Pakistan had signed up, India said it will work with those who share its vision
• Afghanistan cannot be accessed by land so the two governments have discussed separate air corridor for cargo
• India will be holding the BIMSTEC outreach summit on the sidelines of the BRICS Goa Summit which is an initiative for Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Bhutan and Nepal
• Another grouping of India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Maldives met for the South Asia Sub-Regional Economic Cooperation programme in Delhi to release the first SASEC Operational Plan 2016-2025
• SASEC’s lead financier, Asian Development Bank has approved 40 infrastructure and IT projects worth USD 7.7 billion
• India has been busy with the SAARC minus Pak Programme with Nepal PM Prachanda and Afghani president Ashraf Ghani having visited India in Sept
• Sri Lankan Prime Minister Ranil Wickremesinghe is expected to be in Delhi during the first week of October
• Push for South Asian isolation of Pakistan is driven by the fact that it has received nothing but terrorists and aggression from the Islamic nation
• Pakistan continues to receive support from non-SAARC nations like China, Russia, and Iran
• The US which has joined countries to condemn the terror attack in Uri also issued statements to resume dialogue (with remote outcomes of the same seeming more likely)

ANSWER: Shanghai

Explanation:
China started trial operations of world's biggest automated container terminal at Yangshan Deep Water Port in Shanghai, the country's commercial hub.

The terminal is located at south of Donghai Bridge, phase 4 of Yangshan Port and covers 2.23 million square metres and has a 2,350-metre shoreline.

The automated management system is also used at port to maintain safety and efficiency.

Key Facts

• The project uses automated handling equipment designed and manufactured in China. The machinery used in loading and unloading, including bridge crane, automated guided vehicle (AGV) and rail-mounted gantry crane, are all made in China by Shanghai Zhenhua Heavy Industries Company.
• Initially, automated terminal will have capacity to handle 4 million TEUs (twenty-foot equivalent units) and later it will be expanded to 6.3 million TEUs at later stage.
• The automated terminal not only increases the port's handling efficiency, but also reduces carbon emissions by up to 10%.

ANSWER: Disabled

Explanation:
The High Level Inter-Governmental Mid-Point review meeting of Asia and Pacific Decade for Persons with Disabilities, 2013-2022 was held in Beijing, China.

A number of countries in the Asia-Pacific region had participated in it. Indian delegation was led by Union Minister of Social Justice & Empowerment Thaawarchand Gehlot.

The meeting was organised by United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP) in cooperation with China Disabled Persons' Federation (CDPF).

Its main objective was to review progress made by member States during Decade at mid-point in 2017 with regard to Incheon Strategy to make right real for persons with disabilities in Asia and Pacific.

It also discussed future policy action for building disabilities-inclusive societies in region, bearing in mind synergies between 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and Incheon Strategy.

It also finalised declaration to address gaps and challenges in empowerment and inclusion of persons with disabilities.

The Incheon Strategy provides Asian and Pacific region and world with first set of regionally agreed disability-inclusive development goals. It has been developed over more than two years of consultations with governments and civil society stakeholders.

ANSWER: 10

Explanation:
Ten nations from across the world came together on 24 April 2017 to form a group with the aim of protecting ancient heritage from extremism like that of the Islamic State, which led to the destruction of Syria’s ancient city, Palmyra.

The forum was launched in Athens, the capital city of Greece, by ministers and ambassadors from all the ten nations.

The list includes India, Greece, Egypt, Iraq, Iran, Bolivia, Peru, Italy, China and Mexico, all of which are home to some of the world’s greatest archaeological sites.

The group would mainly run joint projects to promote dialogue and culture in the face of fanaticism and terrorism.

The project will be headed by the Greek government along with China.

Extremists from the Islamic State groups gained control over the ancient heritage monumental ruins of Palmyra in May 2015.

The occupation of the city was followed by destruction of many of its monuments.

Though Syrian and Russian forces reclaimed the city from the extremist group in March 2016, they lost it again in December 2016

Other UNESCO recognised sites that suffered destruction at the hands of terrorists include Bamiyan in Afghanistan where the Taliban blew up the Buddha statues and the ancient city of Timbuktu in Mali where extremists destroyed mausoleums and shrines.

The 10-nation group is due to meet again in 2018 in Bolivia.

ANSWER: Anti Terrorism Assistance

Explanation:
India and the US are set to further strengthen their bilateral security ties under the Trump administration.

The two countries deciding to continue exchange programmes on hostage crisis, terror crime scene probe and cybercrime.

A delegation of officials from the US met their counterparts in the Home Ministry last week and discussed ways to streamline the training programmes being conducted under the Anti-Terrorism Assistance (ATA) pact.

Indian police officers will undergo training programmes in the US training institutes on negotiations in hostage situations, terror crime scene investigations, besides on two new courses relating to cybercrime and maritime security.

India and the US are working towards strengthening bilateral ties on security front, including training programmes.

The US will be introducing two new courses for Indian police officers this year.

Indian police officers currently can opt for six training programmes under the ATA pact.

These courses have been an integral part of the bilateral cooperation on internal security between the two countries.

India is a key strategic partner of the US in its war on terror and with groups like ISIS using Internet to reach out to potential recruits in India, the ATA courses are seen as extremely relevant.

Currently the ATA courses include among others, investigating the dark web (IDW), hostage negotiation training, terrorist crime scene investigation.

Around 120-150 police officers from Central police organisations and state police forces visit the US every year for training in these courses under the ATA.

The number may go up to 200 this year with introduction of two new courses.

ANSWER: Radd ul Fasaad

Explanation:
Pakistan army has launched nationwide military operation named ‘Radd-ul-Fasaad’ to eliminate menace of terrorism and consolidate gains of its counter-terrorism operations.

The operation aims include the elimination of the residual and latent threat of terrorism, consolidating gains of operations made so far and ensuring the security of Pakistan’s borders.

Pakistan Air Force, Civil Armed Forces, Pakistan Navy as well as other security and law enforcement agencies will actively participate and support the efforts of the Pakistan Army.

It will also conduct broad spectrum security and counter-terrorism operations in continuation of ongoing operations across the country and focus on more effective border security management.

ANSWER: Russia

Explanation:
India and Russia held high level consultations on counter terrorism in New Delhi.

The sides shared views on threat assessment posed by terrorists including India's concern on state sponsored, cross border terrorism.

The Indian side was led by Secretary East from MEA Preeti Saran. Russian delegation was headed by Deputy Foreign Minister Mr. Oleg V. Syromolotov.

The two countries shared concerns regarding the emergence of Afghanistan Pakistan region as the epicentre of terrorism.

Successful experiences in countering radicalisation and terrorism were also discussed.

Both sides agreed that the UNSC Sanctions List 1267 for blacklisting terrorists and terror entities must be stringently complied.

Emphasis was also made on prospects for deepening engagement on counter terrorism under BRICS, SCO and UN.

A joint action plan will also be framed for sharing insights and exchange of best practices in curbing terrorism and countering radicalisation.

UNSC Sanctions List Resolution 1267 : Know More

• Date: 15 October 1999
• Code S/RES/1267 (Document)
• Subject: The situation in Afghanistan
• Voting summary: 15 voted for/None voted against/None abstained
• Result: Adopted
• United Nations Security Council resolution 1267 was adopted unanimously on 15 October 1999.
• This was after recalling resolutions 1189 (1998), 1193 (1998) and 1214 (1998) on the situation in Afghanistan.
• Council designated Osama bin Laden and associates as terrorists and established a sanctions regime to cover individuals and entities associated with Al-Qaida, Osama bin Laden and/or the Taliban.

ANSWER: Hafeez Saeed

Explanation:
Pakistani authorities, facing mounting pressure from the Trump administration placed Mumbai attacks mastermind and Jamaat-udDawa (JuD) chief Hafiz Saeed under house arrest.

Saeed and four others under detention on 30th Jan 2017. The action was taken under an anti-terrorism act.

Saeed, a co-founder of Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT), would be placed under house arrest and that his residence had been declared a sub-jail.

Pakistan interior minister Nisar Ali Khan said the PML-N government was taking steps to "fulfill our obligations" with regard to JuD.

"The organisation (JuD) has been `under observation' since 2010-11.

Hafiz Saeed was moved from Masjid Al-Qudsia Chauburji to his Jauhar Town residence to place him under house arrest on the orders of the government,".

ANSWER: London

Explanation:
The PRC or People's Republic of China launched its first freight train to London (UK) with the aim to improve trade ties and strengthen connectivity with Britain and Western Europe.

The train departed from Yiwu West Railway station in eastern Zhejiang province of China. It will travel for 18 days over 12,000 km before reaching London.

The train will also pass through Kazakhstan, Russia, Belarus, Poland, Germany, Belgium and France, before reaching London.

It is carrying goods produced in Yiwu. London is the 15th city in European region added to China-Europe freight train services.

Success of the train will give impetus to China's One Belt and One Road Initiative, an infrastructure and trade network connecting Asia with Africa and EU along ancient trade routes.

One Belt and One Road Initiative: Know More

• Also known as the Silk Road Economic Belt
• Called the Belt and Road, One Belt, One Road (OBOR) or Belt and Road Initiative
• It is a 21^st Century Maritime Silk Road.
• The initiative is a development strategy and framework put in place by Chinese leader XI Jingping
• It focuses on connectivity and cooperation between China and Eurasia.
• Comprises two components namely Silk Road Economic Belt (land based) and Maritime Silk Road (ocean going).
• It was unveiled in Sept and Oct 2013 (SREB and MSR respectively).

ANSWER: 7th

Explanation:
India was ranked 7^th in a list of countries most impacted by terror attacks and terrorism in 2015 as per the GTI or Global Terrorism Index.

This index has been released by a Sydney based think tank Institute for Economics & Peace.

India is one of the 6 Asian countries ranked in the top 10 nations most impacted by terror recording 289 terrorism related deaths in 2015, a 45 percent decline over 2014.

Number of Indian army and paramilitary soldiers killed in 2016 is at a 8 year high.

Indians experienced 7 percent of all terror attacks in the world, the 4th highest after the following countries:

• Iraq:20 percent
• Afghanistan: 14 percent
• Pakistan: 8 percent.
• India in 2015 had fewer terror attacks (797) than only Iraq (2,415), Afghanistan (1,715) and Pakistan (1,008).
• India suffered twice as many attacks as Syria (384)
• OECD countries which are the most developed in the world, witnessed a 650 percent increase in terrorism deaths from 77 in 2014 to 577 in 2015, marking the worst year for the 35 nation group since 9/11.